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Letters Patent No. 104,710, dated June* 2S, 1870.

IMIIPIROVEMEN'T IN CH'RNING APPARATUS.

The Schedule referred4 to in Vthese Lettera Patent end making part of the same.

To alli'whom 'it may concern Beit known. that I, JAMES P; ctms, or Wynne i ville, in the county of `Wythe and State of Virginia,

have invented a new and useful Improvement in J y @burning Apparatus; and I do hereby declare that the following 1s a full, clear, and exact description thereof, 1 which willv enable others skilled in the art to make anduse the same, reference being had to the accom l panyingdrawing forming part of this speciiication.

Figure l is a side view of my improved churning broken away to show the con- Figure 2 isfa iterticaldetail section of the same,

y taken through the line x a3, fig. 1.

`Figure 3is atop view of' the churn, the cover be- 1 ing removed.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding My'inveution hasfor its `object `'to furnish an improved churning apparatus which shall f be 'so constructed and arranged that thefoperation of churning may be changed from a labor to a pleasure, enabling even 'a child to work the machine, and which shall, at the same time, bring the butter quickly and thoroughly; and

It consists in the construction and combination of the ,various parts of the machine, as'hereinafter more fully described.

A represents a platform of suitable size, to the middle part of one side of which is attached an upy right fratrie or` board,`13, in the upper part of which aretformed two slots to serve as ways for the blocks G to slide np and down in.

To the `slides, O are attached" arms D having holes in their outerends to receive the upper ends of the dasher-handles E, which areadjustably secured in i place by set-screws, as shown in iig. 2.

The dasher-handles E pass down parallel with each other, through separate holes inthe cover F of the churn G, and to the lower end of cach of them is atta/ehed a semicircular dasher, H, which dashers H are j arranged with their straight sides toward each other,

so that they' may pass each other freely when moving i in opposite directions through the churn G.

The semicireular dashers H are perforated, as shown in fig. 3, so that, as they are forced through the mill;

or creaminthe churn, the said milk or cream may be. divided up into small streams or currents, which are broken up' and intel-mingled by the passagewf the said dashers in opposite directions at the saine time, so as to bring the butter in a very short time.

To the inner sides of the sliding blocks C, or to the inner ends` of the arms D, projecting from said blocks, are pivoted the upper ends -of the `connecting-rods or bars I, the-lower ends of which are pivoted to the inner ends of the levers J, the outer ends otl which are pivoted to supports K, attached to the side of platform A.

L are two short connecting-rods or bars, the upper ends of which are. pivoted to the levers J, and the lower ends of which are pivoted to the opposite ends fof one of the rockers M oi the chair N, which .sits upon the platform A, to which it is pivot-ed and kept from moving about by the projections or teeth O, attached to or formedupon the middle part of the said rockers M, and which enter recesses or sockets 1, formedin the platform A for their reception, as shown in figs. 1 and 2.

The chair N may be an ordinary chair, or a chair made expressly for the machine, and-thc rockers M may be detachably or permanently attached to it, as may be desired.

Having thus described my invention,

I claim as new, and' desire to secure by Letters Patent 1. An improved churning apparatus formed by the combination of .the chair N, .rockers M, short connecting-bars or rods L, levers J, conneotiug-rods or bars l, sliding blocks G, arms D, dasherlhandles 13,' and semicircular dashers H, with eachother and with thc platform A, upright board or frame B, covcrF, and churn G, substantially as herein shown and described, and for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination'of the projections or teeth O, and sockets or recesses P, with the rockers M ofthe chair N, by means of which theehuru is operated, substantially as herein shown and described, and for 

